Audio Engineering

Audio Transmission System (2)

The Music Telegraph | Text 2019/01/14 [10:37]
Audio Engineering

Audio Transmission System (2)

The Music Telegraph| 입력 : 2019/01/14 [10:37]

▲ © Sunlightsquare Records Ltd.



 

Audio Transmission System (2)

 

 

Audio cables transmit signals or voltages at one of the following three levels:

 

1. Mic Level: Approximately 2 millivolt voltage (about 2 millivolts or 0.002 volt) 

 

2. Line Level: 0.316 volt or -10 dBv (for Unbalanced systems), 1.23 volt or +4 dBv (for Balanced systems)

 

3. Speaker Level: Roughly 1 ~ 1,000 watts or 3 ~ 20 volts.

 

When installing audio cables, they must be separated from each other so that they do not overlap with different levels of cables. For example, the microphone cable and the line level cable must be installed at a certain distance from each other. If different levels of cables overlap, noise  or hum (electrical noise) will occur.

 

 

 

 

▲ TS Audio cable (a.k.a. Guitar cable)

: Used with Hi-Z (Hi impedance) equipment

*Hi-Z = 25 kΩ to 1 mΩ

: Use no more than 25ft cable run or you will lose high frequency  

© The Music Telegraph

 

The connectors used in audio equipment are divided into plugs for unbalanced cables such as phone plugs and RCA plugs and plugs for balanced cables such as three-pin connectors (XLR-type connectors). Connectors used in synthesizers and electronic instruments (e.g. electric guitars) that support unbalanced cables are mainly called TS (Tip-Sleeve) type in the form of phone plug. 'T' stands for Tip terminal and is directly connected to cable wire by soldering, and 'S' stands for Sleeve terminal and is directly connected to cable shield by soldering. Similarly, the central pin of the phono plug (RCA plug) that supports the unbalanced line level signal is connected to the wire of the cable by soldering and the circular terminal around the central pin (Cup terminal) is connected to the cable shield by soldering.

 

 

▲ © The Music Telegraph



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