Audio Engineering

Audio Spectrum Equalizer (2)

The Music Telegraph | Text 2019/07/02 [14:33]
Audio Engineering

Audio Spectrum Equalizer (2)

The Music Telegraph| 입력 : 2019/07/02 [14:33]

▲ Complex EQ curves

© Sweetwater.com



 

Audio Spectrum Equalizer (2)

 

Equalizer curves are classified by the shape of their frequency response, which in turn determines how they will affect the audio going through them. Peaking equalizers (Figure 1) shape the response like a hill or peak when set for boost (positive gain), or a through when set for cut (negative gain). Shelving equalizers (Figure 2) shape the response like a shelf with a fixed amount of boost or cut. A cut-off or roll-off filter causes an increasing amount of attenuation of signal above or below a certain frequency (the corner frequency). Figure 3 shows three types of cut-off filters: high-pass, low-pass, and band-pass. A high-pass filter can also be called a low-cut and alow-pass can be called a high-cut. The filter terminology gets a little confusing (high-cut = low-pass), but the graphs of the curves can help make it clearer.

 

 

▲ Figure 1: Peaking EQ

© The Music Telegraph



▲ Figure 2: Shelving EQ

© The Music Telegraph



▲ Figure 3: Roll-Off (Cut-Off) EQ

a) Low Roll-Off (High-Pass)

b) Band-Pass

c) High Roll-Off (Low-Pass)

© The Music Telegraph

 

 

In operation, an equalizer should (theoretically) affect only the desired frequencies and no others. It should be able to process the unaffected signals without altering their characteristics. In reality, however, all analog equalizers distort the signal to some extent. This is because the type of circuitry used to make equalizers (resonant RLC circuits) has some inherent phase distortion (time delay) associated with it. Whenever you put a signal through an equalizer, you will be changing it, regardless of whether you intend to or not. The exact nature and degree of this change (distortion) will vary depending on how much equalizer gain you are using. The more aggresively you equalize a signal, the more phase distortion it will have. At small amounts of equalizer gain however, there is little or no phase distortion. The moral here is, use equalization in moderation.

 

 

 

 

 

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