Audio Engineering

Review #4 (Microphone)

The Music Telegraph | Text 2019/03/12 [13:40]
Audio Engineering

Review #4 (Microphone)

The Music Telegraph| 입력 : 2019/03/12 [13:40]

▲ Diagram of a ribbon microphone

© Tapesponding



 

Review #4 (Microphone)

 

 

5. Proximity effect (in Cardioid & Bi-directional Mic)

- At close distance, 8" (inches) or less, the Mic will exhibit extra sensitivity to low frequencies

 

 

 

6. Electro-magnetic induction (in Dynamic & Ribbon Mic)

- Dynamic Mics operate by using electromagnetic induction to generate an output signal

- Whenever an electrically conductive metal cuts across the flux lines of a magnetic field, a current of a specific magnitude and direction will be generated within that metal. Attached to the diaphragm is a finely wrapped core of wire (voice coil)

 

 

 

▲ Electro-magnetic induction in a dynamic microphone

© The Music Telegraph




- Whenever an acoustic pressure wave hits the diaphragm’s face, (A), the attached voice coil, (B), is displaced in proportion to the amplitude and frequency of the wave, causing the coil to cut across the lines of magnetic flux that’s supplied by a permanent magnet, (C). In doing so, an analogous electrical signal is induced into the coil and across the output leads

- Current (I) flows creates a magnetic field around the conductor

- A conductor placed magnet changing field will develop voltage magnet 

 

- Like dynamic Mic, Ribbon Mics work on the principle of electromagnetic induction

==> Sound-pressure variations between the front and the back of the ribbon (diaphragm) cause it to move and cut across these flux lines, inducing a current into the ribbon that is proportional to the amplitude and frequency of the acoustic waveform

 

 

▲ Magnetic structure of a ribbon microphone (also, refer to the top picture)

© The Music Telegraph



 

- So, electro-magnetic induction => Relationship between magnetism and electric flow

 

 

 

▲ Mechanics of ribbon microphone

© The Music Telegraph



 

▲ The polar pattern of ribbon microphone



 

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